[2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13] randFromArray([ 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 33, 35, 36, 39, 40, 42, 44, 45, 48, 49, 50, 52, 54, 55, 56, 60, 63, 65, 66, 70, 72, 75, 77, 78, 80, 81, 84, 88, 90, 91, 96, 98, 99]) getPrimeFactorization(NUMBER) _.reduce(FACTORIZATION, function(exponents, base) { exponents[base] = exponents[base] + 1 || 1; return exponents; }, {}) _.reduce(_.values(EXPONENTS), function(hasExponents, num) { return hasExponents || num !== 1; }, false) _.map(EXPONENTS, function(num, prime) { return cardinalThrough20(num) + " <code>" + prime + "</code>" + (num === 1 ? "" : "s"); }) _.reduce(PRIMES, function(factors, prime) { if (EXPONENTS[prime] > 1) { factors.push(prime + "^" + EXPONENTS[prime]); } else if (EXPONENTS[prime] === 1) { factors.push(prime); } return factors; }, []).join("\\cdot") _.map(FACTORIZATION, function(factor, step){ var remain = NUMBER; _.each(FACTORIZATION.slice(0, step), function(n) { remain /= n; }) return remain; }) null

Find the prime factorization of `NUMBER`.

Use the arrows to change the exponent on each prime number below to see if you can find the prime factorization.

// Save a reference to KhanUtil.currentGraph.graph to workaround the issue // of the custom validator depending on KhanUtil.currentGraph and // KhanUtil.currentGraph changing because of the second graphie element // in the hints. GRAPHIE = graph; init({ range: [[0, 10], [-11, 0]] }); addMouseLayer(); graph.primes = []; graph.computeTotal = function() { return _.reduce(PRIMES, function(total, prime) { return total * pow(prime, graph.primes[prime].exponent); }, 1); }; graph.totalLabel = label([7, -10], 1, "right", {fontSize: 25}); graph.updateTotal = function() { this.totalLabel.remove(); this.totalLabel = label([7, -10], graph.computeTotal(), "right", {fontSize: 25}); var answerPreview = _.reduce(PRIMES, function(answer, prime) { if (graph.primes[prime].exponent > 1) { answer.push(prime + "^" + graph.primes[prime].exponent); } else if (graph.primes[prime].exponent === 1) { answer.push(prime); } return answer; }, []).join("\\cdot"); if (answerPreview) { answerPreview += " = "; } answerPreview += graph.computeTotal(); KhanUtil.processMath($("#answer-preview code")[0], answerPreview, true); }; _.each(PRIMES, function(prime, y) { var yCoord = -y * 1.5 - 1; graph.primes[prime] = { exponent: 0, baseLabel: label([2, yCoord], prime, "left", {fontSize: 25, color: "#aaa"}), expLabel: label([2, yCoord + 0.3], 0, "center", {fontSize: 20, color: "#aaa"}), expandLabel: label([3, yCoord], 1, "right", {fontSize: 20, color: "#aaa"}), factorLabel: label([7, yCoord], 1, "right", {fontSize: 25, color: "#aaa"}), upArrow: addArrowWidget({ coord: [2, yCoord + 0.7], direction: "up" }), downArrow: addArrowWidget({ coord: [2, yCoord - 0.1], direction: "down" }), update: function() { this.expLabel.remove(); this.expandLabel.remove(); this.factorLabel.remove(); this.expLabel = label([2, yCoord + 0.3], this.exponent, "center", {fontSize: 20}); this.factorLabel = label([7, yCoord], pow(prime, this.exponent), "right", {fontSize: 25}); if (this.exponent === 0) { this.baseLabel.css({color: "#aaa"}); this.expLabel.css({color: "#aaa"}); this.expandLabel = label([3, yCoord], "1", "right", {fontSize: 20, color: "#aaa"}); this.factorLabel.css({color: "#aaa"}); } else { this.baseLabel.css({color: "black"}); this.expandLabel = label([3, yCoord], getPrimeFactorization(pow(prime, this.exponent)).join("\\cdot"), "right", {fontSize: 20}); } if (this.exponent >= 5 || (prime >= 11 && this.exponent >= 3)) { this.upArrow.hide(); } else { this.upArrow.show(); } if (this.exponent <= 0) { this.downArrow.hide(); } else { this.downArrow.show(); } } }; graph.primes[prime].upArrow.onClick = function() { graph.primes[prime].exponent += 1; graph.primes[prime].update(); graph.updateTotal(); }; graph.primes[prime].downArrow.onClick = function() { graph.primes[prime].exponent -= 1; graph.primes[prime].update(); graph.updateTotal(); }; label([2.5, yCoord], "=", "right", {color: "#ccc"}); label([6.5, yCoord], "=", "right", {color: "#ccc"}); graph.primes[prime].downArrow.hide(); }); line([0, -9.25], [8, -9.25]); label([0, -9], "\\times", "above right", {fontSize: 25});

`1`

GRAPHIE.computeTotal()
if (guess === 1) { return ""; } return guess === NUMBER;
_.each(PRIMES, function(prime) { GRAPHIE.primes[prime].exponent = 0; }); _.each(getPrimeFactorization(guess), function(prime) { GRAPHIE.primes[prime].exponent += 1; }); _.each(PRIMES, function(prime) { GRAPHIE.primes[prime].update(); }); GRAPHIE.updateTotal();
_.each(PRIMES, function(prime) { GRAPHIE.primes[prime].exponent = 0; }); _.each(getPrimeFactorization(guess), function(prime) { GRAPHIE.primes[prime].exponent += 1; }); GRAPHIE.updateTotal();
graph.cx = 0; graph.y = 0; graph.curr = NUMBER; init({ range: [[-1, FACTORIZATION.length + 1], [-2 * FACTORIZATION.length - 0.5, 1]], scale: [30, 30] }); label([graph.cx + 1, graph.y], graph.curr);

We can use a factor tree to break `NUMBER` into its prime factorization. Which of the prime numbers divides into `NUMBER`?

path([[graph.cx + 1, graph.y - 0.5], [graph.cx, graph.y - 1.5]]); path([[graph.cx + 1, graph.y - 0.5], [graph.cx + 2, graph.y - 1.5]]); graph.y -= 2; graph.cx += 1; graph.curr = graph.curr / FACTOR; label( [graph.cx - 1, graph.y], FACTOR, {color: BLUE} ); circle( [graph.cx - 1, graph.y], 0.5); graph.lastLabel = label( [graph.cx + 1, graph.y], graph.curr );

`REMAINING[I]` is divisible by `FACTOR`, leaving us with `REMAINING[I] / FACTOR`.

circle( [graph.cx + 1, graph.y], 0.5); graph.lastLabel.remove(); label( [graph.cx + 1, graph.y], graph.curr, {color: BLUE} );

`FACTORIZATION[FACTORIZATION.length-1]` is prime, so we're done factoring.

The prime factorization of `NUMBER` is:

`\qquadFACTORIZATION.join("\\space\\color{black}{\\cdot}\\space")`

Because there are toSentence(EXPONENT_HINT), we can use exponents to write the prime factorization as:

Because there is toSentence(EXPONENT_HINT), we can use exponents to write the prime factorization as:

`\qquad\blue{SOLUTION} = NUMBER`