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# Slack Dispatcher

## `nautobot_chatops.dispatchers.slack`

Dispatcher implementation for sending content to Slack.

### `SlackDispatcher`

Bases: `Dispatcher`

Dispatch messages and cards to Slack.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    class SlackDispatcher(Dispatcher):
        """Dispatch messages and cards to Slack."""

        # pylint: disable=too-many-public-methods
        platform_name = "Slack"
        platform_slug = "slack"

        platform_color = "4A154B"  # Slack Aubergine

        command_prefix = settings.PLUGINS_CONFIG["nautobot_chatops"]["slack_slash_command_prefix"]
        """Prefix prepended to all commands, such as "/" or "!" in some clients."""

        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
            """Init a SlackDispatcher."""
            super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
            self.slack_client = WebClient(token=settings.PLUGINS_CONFIG["nautobot_chatops"]["slack_api_token"])
            self.slack_menu_limit = int(os.getenv("SLACK_MENU_LIMIT", "100"))

        # pylint: disable=too-many-branches
        @classmethod
        @BACKEND_ACTION_LOOKUP.time()
        def platform_lookup(cls, item_type, item_name) -> Optional[str]:
            """Call out to the chat platform to look up, e.g., a specific user ID by name.

            Args:
              item_type (str): One of "organization", "channel", "user"
              item_name (str): Uniquely identifying name of the given item.

            Returns:
              (str, None)
            """
            instance = cls(context=None)
            cursor = None
            if item_type == "organization":  # pylint: disable=no-else-raise
                # The admin_teams_list API requires admin access and only works under Enterprise
                raise NotImplementedError
            elif item_type == "channel":
                while True:
                    try:
                        response = instance.slack_client.conversations_list(cursor=cursor, limit=20, exclude_archived=True)
                    except SlackApiError as err:
                        if err.response["error"] == "ratelimited":
                            delay = int(err.response.headers["Retry-After"])
                            time.sleep(delay)
                            continue
                        raise err
                    for channel in response["channels"]:
                        if channel["name"] == item_name:
                            return channel["id"]
                    cursor = response["response_metadata"]["next_cursor"]
                    if not cursor:
                        break

            elif item_type == "user":
                while True:
                    try:
                        response = instance.slack_client.users_list(cursor=cursor, limit=20)
                    except SlackApiError as err:
                        if err.response["error"] == "ratelimited":
                            delay = int(err.response.headers["Retry-After"])
                            time.sleep(delay)
                            continue
                        raise err
                    for member in response["members"]:
                        if member["name"] == item_name:
                            return member["id"]
                    cursor = response["response_metadata"]["next_cursor"]
                    if not cursor:
                        break

            return None

        @classmethod
        def lookup_user_id_by_email(cls, email) -> Optional[str]:
            """Call out to Slack to look up a specific user ID by email.

            Args:
              email (str): Uniquely identifying email address of the user.

            Returns:
              (str, None)
            """
            instance = cls(context=None)
            try:
                response = instance.slack_client.users_lookupByEmail(email=email)
                return response["user"]["id"]
            except SlackApiError as err:
                if err.response["error"] == "users_not_found":
                    return None
                raise err

        # More complex APIs for presenting structured data - these typically build on the more basic functions below

        def command_response_header(self, command, subcommand, args, description="information", image_element=None):
            """Construct a consistently forwarded header including the command that was issued.

            Args:
              command (str): Primary command string
              subcommand (str): Secondary command string
              args (list): of tuples, either (arg_name, human_readable_value, literal_value) or (arg_name, literal_value)
              description (str): Short description of what information is contained in the response
              image_element (dict): As constructed by self.image_element()
            """
            fields = []
            for name, value, *_ in args:
                fields.append(self.markdown_element(self.bold(name)))
                fields.append(self.markdown_element(value))

            command = f"{self.command_prefix}{command}"

            block = {
                "type": "section",
                "text": self.markdown_element(
                    f"Hey {self.user_mention()}, here is that {description} you requested\n"
                    f"Shortcut: `{command} {subcommand} {' '.join(arg[-1] for arg in args)}`"
                ),
            }

            # Add to block "accessory" key if image_element exists. Otherwise do not
            if image_element:
                block["accessory"] = image_element

            # Slack doesn't like it if we send an empty fields list, we have to omit it entirely
            if fields:
                block["fields"] = fields

            return [block]

        # Send various content to the user or channel

        @BACKEND_ACTION_MARKDOWN.time()
        def send_markdown(self, message, ephemeral=None):
            """Send a Markdown-formatted text message to the user/channel specified by the context."""
            try:
                if ephemeral is None:
                    ephemeral = settings.PLUGINS_CONFIG["nautobot_chatops"]["send_all_messages_private"]

                if ephemeral:
                    self.slack_client.chat_postEphemeral(
                        channel=self.context.get("channel_id"),
                        user=self.context.get("user_id"),
                        text=message,
                        thread_ts=self.context.get("thread_ts"),
                    )
                else:
                    self.slack_client.chat_postMessage(
                        channel=self.context.get("channel_id"),
                        user=self.context.get("user_id"),
                        text=message,
                        thread_ts=self.context.get("thread_ts"),
                    )
            except SlackClientError as slack_error:
                self.send_exception(slack_error)

        # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
        @BACKEND_ACTION_BLOCKS.time()
        def send_blocks(self, blocks, callback_id=None, modal=False, ephemeral=None, title="Your attention please!"):
            """Send a series of formatting blocks to the user/channel specified by the context.

            Slack distinguishes between simple inline interactive elements and modal dialogs. Modals can contain multiple
            inputs in a single dialog; more importantly for our purposes, certain inputs (such as textentry) can ONLY
            be used in modals and will be rejected if we try to use them inline.

            Args:
              blocks (list): List of block contents as constructed by other dispatcher functions.
              callback_id (str): Callback ID string such as "command subcommand arg1 arg2". Required if `modal` is True.
              modal (bool): Whether to send this as a modal dialog rather than an inline block.
              ephemeral (bool): Whether to send this as an ephemeral message (only visible to the targeted user).
              title (str): Title to include on a modal dialog.
            """
            logger.info("Sending blocks: %s", json.dumps(blocks, indent=2))
            if ephemeral is None:
                ephemeral = settings.PLUGINS_CONFIG["nautobot_chatops"]["send_all_messages_private"]
            try:
                if modal:
                    if not callback_id:
                        self.send_error("Tried to create a modal dialog without specifying a callback_id")
                        return
                    self.slack_client.views_open(
                        trigger_id=self.context.get("trigger_id"),
                        view={
                            "type": "modal",
                            "title": self.text_element(title),
                            "submit": self.text_element("Submit"),
                            "blocks": blocks,
                            # Embed the current channel information into to the modal as modals don't store this otherwise
                            "private_metadata": json.dumps(
                                {"channel_id": self.context.get("channel_id"), "thread_ts": self.context.get("thread_ts")}
                            ),
                            "callback_id": callback_id,
                        },
                    )
                elif ephemeral:
                    self.slack_client.chat_postEphemeral(
                        channel=self.context.get("channel_id"),
                        user=self.context.get("user_id"),
                        blocks=blocks,
                        thread_ts=self.context.get("thread_ts"),
                    )
                else:
                    self.slack_client.chat_postMessage(
                        channel=self.context.get("channel_id"),
                        user=self.context.get("user_id"),
                        blocks=blocks,
                        thread_ts=self.context.get("thread_ts"),
                    )
            except SlackClientError as slack_error:
                self.send_exception(slack_error)

        @BACKEND_ACTION_SNIPPET.time()
        def send_snippet(self, text, title=None, ephemeral=None):
            """Send a longer chunk of text as a file snippet."""
            if ephemeral is None:
                ephemeral = settings.PLUGINS_CONFIG["nautobot_chatops"]["send_all_messages_private"]

            if self.context.get("channel_name") == "directmessage":
                channels = [self.context.get("user_id")]
            else:
                channels = [self.context.get("channel_id")]
            channels = ",".join(channels)
            logger.info("Sending snippet to %s: %s", channels, text)
            try:
                # Check for the length of the file if the setup is meant to be a private message
                if ephemeral:
                    message_list = self.split_message(text, SLACK_PRIVATE_MESSAGE_LIMIT)
                    for msg in message_list:
                        # Send the blocks as a list, this needs to be the case for Slack to send appropriately.
                        self.send_blocks(
                            [self.markdown_block(f"```\n{msg}\n```")],
                            ephemeral=ephemeral,
                        )
                else:
                    self.slack_client.files_upload(
                        channels=channels, content=text, title=title, thread_ts=self.context.get("thread_ts")
                    )
            except SlackClientError as slack_error:
                self.send_exception(slack_error)

        def static_url(self, path):
            """Return a url to access the static file."""
            static_path = str(static(path))
            if static_path.startswith("http"):
                # Static is being provided by Django Storages
                return static_path
            try:
                return f"{self.context['request_scheme']}://{self.context['request_host']}{static_path}"
            except KeyError:
                if SLACK_SOCKET_STATIC_HOST:
                    # Use the settings provided Static Host.
                    return f"{SLACK_SOCKET_STATIC_HOST}{static_path}"
                return None

        def send_image(self, image_path):
            """Send an image as a file upload."""
            if self.context.get("channel_name") == "directmessage":
                channels = [self.context.get("user_id")]
            else:
                channels = [self.context.get("channel_id")]
            channels = ",".join(channels)
            logger.info("Sending image %s to %s", image_path, channels)
            self.slack_client.files_upload(channels=channels, file=image_path, thread_ts=self.context.get("thread_ts"))

        def send_warning(self, message):
            """Send a warning message to the user/channel specified by the context."""
            self.send_markdown(f":warning: {self.bold(message)} :warning:", ephemeral=True)

        def send_error(self, message):
            """Send an error message to the user/channel specified by the context."""
            self.send_markdown(f":warning: {self.bold(message)} :warning:", ephemeral=True)

        # pylint: disable=unnecessary-pass
        def send_busy_indicator(self):
            """Send a "typing" indicator to show that work is in progress."""
            # Currently the Slack Events API does not support the "user_typing" event.
            # We're trying not to use the legacy Slack RTM API as it's deprecated.
            # So for now, we do nothing.
            pass

        def send_exception(self, exception):
            """Try to report an exception to the user."""
            self.slack_client.chat_postEphemeral(
                channel=self.context.get("channel_id"),
                user=self.context.get("user_id"),
                text=f"Sorry @{self.context.get('user_name')}, an error occurred :sob:\n```{exception}```",
            )

        # pylint: disable=no-self-use
        def delete_message(self, response_url):
            """Delete a message that was previously sent."""
            WebhookClient(response_url).send_dict({"delete_original": "true"})

        # Prompt the user for various basic inputs

        def prompt_for_text(self, action_id, help_text, label, title="Your attention please!"):
            """Prompt the user to enter freeform text into a field.

            Args:
              action_id (str): Identifier string to attach to the "submit" action.
              help_text (str): Markdown string to display as help text.
              label (str): Label text to display adjacent to the text field.
              title (str): Title to include on the modal dialog.
            """
            textentry = {
                "type": "input",
                "block_id": action_id,
                "label": self.text_element(label),
                "element": {"type": "plain_text_input", "action_id": action_id, "placeholder": self.text_element(label)},
            }
            blocks = [self.markdown_block(help_text), textentry]
            # In Slack, a textentry element can ONLY be sent in a modal dialog
            return self.send_blocks(blocks, callback_id=action_id, ephemeral=True, modal=True, title=title)

        def get_prompt_from_menu_choices(self, choices, offset=0):
            """Returns choices list to accommodate for Slack menu limits.

            Args:
              choices (list): List of (display, value) tuples
              offset (int): If set, starts displaying choices at index location from all choices,
                             as Slack only displays 100 options at a time

            Returns:
              choices (list): List of (display, value) tuples accommodating for Slack menu limits
            """
            choice_length = len(choices)
            if choice_length > self.slack_menu_limit:
                try:
                    # Since we are showing "Next..." at the end, this isn't required to show to users anymore
                    self.send_warning(
                        f"More than {self.slack_menu_limit} options are available."
                        f"Slack limits us to only displaying {self.slack_menu_limit} options at a time."
                    )
                except SlackApiError:
                    pass
                new_offset = offset + self.slack_menu_limit - 1
                if offset == 0:
                    choices = choices[: self.slack_menu_limit - 1]  # 1 is to leave space for 'next' insert
                else:
                    choices = choices[offset:new_offset]
                if choice_length > new_offset:
                    # Only insert a 'next' offset if we still have more choices left to see
                    choices.append(("Next...", f"menu_offset-{new_offset}"))
            return choices

        def prompt_from_menu(
            self, action_id, help_text, choices, default=(None, None), confirm=False, offset=0
        ):  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
            """Prompt the user for a selection from a menu.

            Args:
              action_id (str): Identifier string to attach to the "submit" action.
              help_text (str): Markdown string to display as help text.
              choices (list): List of (display, value) tuples.
              default (tuple): Default (display, value) to pre-select.
              confirm (bool): If True, prompt the user to confirm their selection (if the platform supports this).
              offset (int): If set, starts displaying choices at index location from all choices,
                             as Slack only displays 100 options at a time.
            """
            choices = self.get_prompt_from_menu_choices(choices, offset=offset)
            menu = self.select_element(action_id, choices, default=default, confirm=confirm)
            cancel_button = {
                "type": "button",
                "text": self.text_element("Cancel"),
                "action_id": "action",
                "value": "cancel",
            }

            blocks = [self.markdown_block(help_text), self.actions_block(action_id, [menu, cancel_button])]
            return self.send_blocks(blocks, ephemeral=True)

        # Construct content piecemeal, mostly for use with send_blocks()

        def multi_input_dialog(self, command, sub_command, dialog_title, dialog_list):
            """Provide several input fields on a single dialog.

            Args:
                command (str):  The top level command in use. (ex. net)
                sub_command (str): The command being invoked (ex. add-vlan)
                dialog_title (str): Title of the dialog box
                dialog_list (list):  List of dictionaries containing the dialog parameters. See Example below.

            Example:
                For a selection menu::

                    {
                        type: "select",
                        label: "label",
                        choices: [("display 1", "value1"), ("display 2", "value 2")],
                        default: ("display 1", "value1"),
                        confirm: False
                    }

                For a text dialog::

                    {
                        type: "text",
                        label: "text displayed next to field"
                        default: "default-value",
                        optional: True
                    }

                Dictionary Fields

                - type: The type of object to create. Currently supported values: select, text
                - label: A text descriptor that will be placed next to the field
                - choices: A list of tuples which populates the choices in a dropdown selector
                - default: (optional) Default choice of a select menu or initial value to put in a text field.
                - confirm: (optional) If set to True, it will display a "Are you sure?" dialog upon submit.
                - optional: (optional) If set to True, the field will return NoneType is not specified.
            """
            blocks = []
            callback_id = f"{command} {sub_command}"
            for i, dialog in enumerate(dialog_list):
                action_id = f"param_{i}"
                if dialog["type"] == "select":
                    menu = self.select_element(
                        action_id,
                        dialog["choices"],
                        default=dialog.get("default", (None, None)),
                        confirm=dialog.get("confirm", False),
                    )
                    blocks.append(self._input_block(action_id, dialog["label"], menu, dialog.get("optional", False)))
                if dialog["type"] == "text":
                    textentry = {
                        "type": "plain_text_input",
                        "action_id": action_id,
                        "placeholder": self.text_element(dialog["label"]),
                        "initial_value": dialog.get("default", "") or "",
                    }

                    blocks.append(self._input_block(action_id, dialog["label"], textentry, dialog.get("optional", False)))

            return self.send_blocks(blocks, callback_id=callback_id, modal=True, ephemeral=False, title=dialog_title)

        def user_mention(self):
            """Markup for a mention of the username/userid specified in our context."""
            return f"<@{self.context['user_id']}>"

        def bold(self, text):
            """Mark text as bold."""
            return f"*{text}*"

        def hyperlink(self, text, url):
            """Create Hyperlinks."""
            return f"<{url}|{text}>"

        def actions_block(self, block_id, actions):
            """Construct a block consisting of a set of action elements."""
            return {"type": "actions", "block_id": block_id, "elements": actions}

        def _input_block(self, block_id, label, element, optional):
            """Construct a block consisting of Input elements."""
            text_obj = self.text_element(label)
            return {"type": "input", "block_id": block_id, "label": text_obj, "element": element, "optional": optional}

        def markdown_block(self, text):
            """Construct a simple Markdown-formatted text block."""
            return {"type": "section", "text": self.markdown_element(text)}

        def image_element(self, url, alt_text=""):
            """Construct an image element that can be embedded in a block if URL is provided."""
            return {"type": "image", "image_url": url, "alt_text": alt_text} if url else {}

        def markdown_element(self, text):
            """Construct a basic Markdown-formatted text element."""
            return {"type": "mrkdwn", "text": text}

        def select_element(self, action_id, choices, default=(None, None), confirm=False):
            """Construct a basic selection menu with the given choices.

            .. note:: Slack's select menu supports option groups, but others such as Adaptive Cards do not;
                      we have to stick to the lowest common denominator, which means no groups.

            TODO: maybe refactor this API so that Slack can use groups and other dispatchers just ignore the groups?

            Args:
              action_id (str): Identifying string to associate with this element
              choices (list): List of (display, value) tuples
              default (tuple: Default (display, value) to preselect
              confirm (bool): If true (and the platform supports it), prompt the user to confirm their selection
            """
            data = {
                "type": "static_select",
                "action_id": action_id,
                "placeholder": self.text_element("Select an option"),
                "options": [{"text": self.text_element(choice), "value": value} for choice, value in choices],
            }
            default_text, default_value = default
            if default_text and default_value:
                data["initial_option"] = {"text": self.text_element(default_text), "value": default_value}
            if confirm:
                data["confirm"] = {
                    "title": self.text_element("Are you sure?"),
                    "text": self.markdown_element("Are you *really* sure you want to do this?"),
                    "confirm": self.text_element("Yes"),
                    "deny": self.text_element("No"),
                }

            return data

        def text_element(self, text):
            """Construct a basic plaintext element."""
            return {"type": "plain_text", "text": text}

#### `command_prefix = settings.PLUGINS_CONFIG['nautobot_chatops']['slack_slash_command_prefix']` `instance-attribute` `class-attribute`

Prefix prepended to all commands, such as "/" or "!" in some clients.

#### `__init__(*args, **kwargs)`

Init a SlackDispatcher.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        """Init a SlackDispatcher."""
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.slack_client = WebClient(token=settings.PLUGINS_CONFIG["nautobot_chatops"]["slack_api_token"])
        self.slack_menu_limit = int(os.getenv("SLACK_MENU_LIMIT", "100"))

#### `actions_block(block_id, actions)`

Construct a block consisting of a set of action elements.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def actions_block(self, block_id, actions):
        """Construct a block consisting of a set of action elements."""
        return {"type": "actions", "block_id": block_id, "elements": actions}

#### `bold(text)`

Mark text as bold.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def bold(self, text):
        """Mark text as bold."""
        return f"*{text}*"

#### `command_response_header(command, subcommand, args, description='information', image_element=None)`

Construct a consistently forwarded header including the command that was issued.

Parameters:

Name | Type | Description | Default
--- | --- | --- | ---
`command` | `str` | Primary command string | required
`subcommand` | `str` | Secondary command string | required
`args` | `list` | of tuples, either (arg_name, human_readable_value, literal_value) or (arg_name, literal_value) | required
`description` | `str` | Short description of what information is contained in the response | `'information'`
`image_element` | `dict` | As constructed by self.image_element() | `None`

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def command_response_header(self, command, subcommand, args, description="information", image_element=None):
        """Construct a consistently forwarded header including the command that was issued.

        Args:
          command (str): Primary command string
          subcommand (str): Secondary command string
          args (list): of tuples, either (arg_name, human_readable_value, literal_value) or (arg_name, literal_value)
          description (str): Short description of what information is contained in the response
          image_element (dict): As constructed by self.image_element()
        """
        fields = []
        for name, value, *_ in args:
            fields.append(self.markdown_element(self.bold(name)))
            fields.append(self.markdown_element(value))

        command = f"{self.command_prefix}{command}"

        block = {
            "type": "section",
            "text": self.markdown_element(
                f"Hey {self.user_mention()}, here is that {description} you requested\n"
                f"Shortcut: `{command} {subcommand} {' '.join(arg[-1] for arg in args)}`"
            ),
        }

        # Add to block "accessory" key if image_element exists. Otherwise do not
        if image_element:
            block["accessory"] = image_element

        # Slack doesn't like it if we send an empty fields list, we have to omit it entirely
        if fields:
            block["fields"] = fields

        return [block]

#### `delete_message(response_url)`

Delete a message that was previously sent.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def delete_message(self, response_url):
        """Delete a message that was previously sent."""
        WebhookClient(response_url).send_dict({"delete_original": "true"})

#### `get_prompt_from_menu_choices(choices, offset=0)`

Returns choices list to accommodate for Slack menu limits.

Parameters:

Name | Type | Description | Default
--- | --- | --- | ---
`choices` | `list` | List of (display, value) tuples | required
`offset` | `int` | If set, starts displaying choices at index location from all choices, as Slack only displays 100 options at a time | `0`

Returns:

Name | Type | Description
--- | --- | ---
`choices` | `list` | List of (display, value) tuples accommodating for Slack menu limits

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def get_prompt_from_menu_choices(self, choices, offset=0):
        """Returns choices list to accommodate for Slack menu limits.

        Args:
          choices (list): List of (display, value) tuples
          offset (int): If set, starts displaying choices at index location from all choices,
                         as Slack only displays 100 options at a time

        Returns:
          choices (list): List of (display, value) tuples accommodating for Slack menu limits
        """
        choice_length = len(choices)
        if choice_length > self.slack_menu_limit:
            try:
                # Since we are showing "Next..." at the end, this isn't required to show to users anymore
                self.send_warning(
                    f"More than {self.slack_menu_limit} options are available."
                    f"Slack limits us to only displaying {self.slack_menu_limit} options at a time."
                )
            except SlackApiError:
                pass
            new_offset = offset + self.slack_menu_limit - 1
            if offset == 0:
                choices = choices[: self.slack_menu_limit - 1]  # 1 is to leave space for 'next' insert
            else:
                choices = choices[offset:new_offset]
            if choice_length > new_offset:
                # Only insert a 'next' offset if we still have more choices left to see
                choices.append(("Next...", f"menu_offset-{new_offset}"))
        return choices

#### `hyperlink(text, url)`

Create Hyperlinks.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def hyperlink(self, text, url):
        """Create Hyperlinks."""
        return f"<{url}|{text}>"

#### `image_element(url, alt_text='')`

Construct an image element that can be embedded in a block if URL is provided.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def image_element(self, url, alt_text=""):
        """Construct an image element that can be embedded in a block if URL is provided."""
        return {"type": "image", "image_url": url, "alt_text": alt_text} if url else {}

#### `lookup_user_id_by_email(email)` `classmethod`

Call out to Slack to look up a specific user ID by email.

Parameters:

Name | Type | Description | Default
--- | --- | --- | ---
`email` | `str` | Uniquely identifying email address of the user. | required

Returns:

Type | Description
--- | ---
`Optional[str]` | (str, None)

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    @classmethod
    def lookup_user_id_by_email(cls, email) -> Optional[str]:
        """Call out to Slack to look up a specific user ID by email.

        Args:
          email (str): Uniquely identifying email address of the user.

        Returns:
          (str, None)
        """
        instance = cls(context=None)
        try:
            response = instance.slack_client.users_lookupByEmail(email=email)
            return response["user"]["id"]
        except SlackApiError as err:
            if err.response["error"] == "users_not_found":
                return None
            raise err

#### `markdown_block(text)`

Construct a simple Markdown-formatted text block.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def markdown_block(self, text):
        """Construct a simple Markdown-formatted text block."""
        return {"type": "section", "text": self.markdown_element(text)}

#### `markdown_element(text)`

Construct a basic Markdown-formatted text element.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def markdown_element(self, text):
        """Construct a basic Markdown-formatted text element."""
        return {"type": "mrkdwn", "text": text}

#### `multi_input_dialog(command, sub_command, dialog_title, dialog_list)`

Provide several input fields on a single dialog.

Parameters:

Name | Type | Description | Default
--- | --- | --- | ---
`command` | `str` | The top level command in use. (ex. net) | required
`sub_command` | `str` | The command being invoked (ex. add-vlan) | required
`dialog_title` | `str` | Title of the dialog box | required
`dialog_list` | `list` | List of dictionaries containing the dialog parameters. See Example below. | required

Example

For a selection menu::

    {
        type: "select",
        label: "label",
        choices: [("display 1", "value1"), ("display 2", "value 2")],
        default: ("display 1", "value1"),
        confirm: False
    }

For a text dialog::

    {
        type: "text",
        label: "text displayed next to field"
        default: "default-value",
        optional: True
    }

Dictionary Fields

- type: The type of object to create. Currently supported values: select, text
- label: A text descriptor that will be placed next to the field
- choices: A list of tuples which populates the choices in a dropdown selector
- default: (optional) Default choice of a select menu or initial value to put in a text field.
- confirm: (optional) If set to True, it will display a "Are you sure?" dialog upon submit.
- optional: (optional) If set to True, the field will return NoneType is not specified.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def multi_input_dialog(self, command, sub_command, dialog_title, dialog_list):
        """Provide several input fields on a single dialog.

        Args:
            command (str):  The top level command in use. (ex. net)
            sub_command (str): The command being invoked (ex. add-vlan)
            dialog_title (str): Title of the dialog box
            dialog_list (list):  List of dictionaries containing the dialog parameters. See Example below.

        Example:
            For a selection menu::

                {
                    type: "select",
                    label: "label",
                    choices: [("display 1", "value1"), ("display 2", "value 2")],
                    default: ("display 1", "value1"),
                    confirm: False
                }

            For a text dialog::

                {
                    type: "text",
                    label: "text displayed next to field"
                    default: "default-value",
                    optional: True
                }

            Dictionary Fields

            - type: The type of object to create. Currently supported values: select, text
            - label: A text descriptor that will be placed next to the field
            - choices: A list of tuples which populates the choices in a dropdown selector
            - default: (optional) Default choice of a select menu or initial value to put in a text field.
            - confirm: (optional) If set to True, it will display a "Are you sure?" dialog upon submit.
            - optional: (optional) If set to True, the field will return NoneType is not specified.
        """
        blocks = []
        callback_id = f"{command} {sub_command}"
        for i, dialog in enumerate(dialog_list):
            action_id = f"param_{i}"
            if dialog["type"] == "select":
                menu = self.select_element(
                    action_id,
                    dialog["choices"],
                    default=dialog.get("default", (None, None)),
                    confirm=dialog.get("confirm", False),
                )
                blocks.append(self._input_block(action_id, dialog["label"], menu, dialog.get("optional", False)))
            if dialog["type"] == "text":
                textentry = {
                    "type": "plain_text_input",
                    "action_id": action_id,
                    "placeholder": self.text_element(dialog["label"]),
                    "initial_value": dialog.get("default", "") or "",
                }

                blocks.append(self._input_block(action_id, dialog["label"], textentry, dialog.get("optional", False)))

        return self.send_blocks(blocks, callback_id=callback_id, modal=True, ephemeral=False, title=dialog_title)

#### `platform_lookup(item_type, item_name)` `classmethod`

Call out to the chat platform to look up, e.g., a specific user ID by name.

Parameters:

Name | Type | Description | Default
--- | --- | --- | ---
`item_type` | `str` | One of "organization", "channel", "user" | required
`item_name` | `str` | Uniquely identifying name of the given item. | required

Returns:

Type | Description
--- | ---
`Optional[str]` | (str, None)

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    @classmethod
    @BACKEND_ACTION_LOOKUP.time()
    def platform_lookup(cls, item_type, item_name) -> Optional[str]:
        """Call out to the chat platform to look up, e.g., a specific user ID by name.

        Args:
          item_type (str): One of "organization", "channel", "user"
          item_name (str): Uniquely identifying name of the given item.

        Returns:
          (str, None)
        """
        instance = cls(context=None)
        cursor = None
        if item_type == "organization":  # pylint: disable=no-else-raise
            # The admin_teams_list API requires admin access and only works under Enterprise
            raise NotImplementedError
        elif item_type == "channel":
            while True:
                try:
                    response = instance.slack_client.conversations_list(cursor=cursor, limit=20, exclude_archived=True)
                except SlackApiError as err:
                    if err.response["error"] == "ratelimited":
                        delay = int(err.response.headers["Retry-After"])
                        time.sleep(delay)
                        continue
                    raise err
                for channel in response["channels"]:
                    if channel["name"] == item_name:
                        return channel["id"]
                cursor = response["response_metadata"]["next_cursor"]
                if not cursor:
                    break

        elif item_type == "user":
            while True:
                try:
                    response = instance.slack_client.users_list(cursor=cursor, limit=20)
                except SlackApiError as err:
                    if err.response["error"] == "ratelimited":
                        delay = int(err.response.headers["Retry-After"])
                        time.sleep(delay)
                        continue
                    raise err
                for member in response["members"]:
                    if member["name"] == item_name:
                        return member["id"]
                cursor = response["response_metadata"]["next_cursor"]
                if not cursor:
                    break

        return None

#### `prompt_for_text(action_id, help_text, label, title='Your attention please!')`

Prompt the user to enter freeform text into a field.

Parameters:

Name | Type | Description | Default
--- | --- | --- | ---
`action_id` | `str` | Identifier string to attach to the "submit" action. | required
`help_text` | `str` | Markdown string to display as help text. | required
`label` | `str` | Label text to display adjacent to the text field. | required
`title` | `str` | Title to include on the modal dialog. | `'Your attention please!'`

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def prompt_for_text(self, action_id, help_text, label, title="Your attention please!"):
        """Prompt the user to enter freeform text into a field.

        Args:
          action_id (str): Identifier string to attach to the "submit" action.
          help_text (str): Markdown string to display as help text.
          label (str): Label text to display adjacent to the text field.
          title (str): Title to include on the modal dialog.
        """
        textentry = {
            "type": "input",
            "block_id": action_id,
            "label": self.text_element(label),
            "element": {"type": "plain_text_input", "action_id": action_id, "placeholder": self.text_element(label)},
        }
        blocks = [self.markdown_block(help_text), textentry]
        # In Slack, a textentry element can ONLY be sent in a modal dialog
        return self.send_blocks(blocks, callback_id=action_id, ephemeral=True, modal=True, title=title)

#### `prompt_from_menu(action_id, help_text, choices, default=(None, None), confirm=False, offset=0)`

Prompt the user for a selection from a menu.

Parameters:

Name | Type | Description | Default
--- | --- | --- | ---
`action_id` | `str` | Identifier string to attach to the "submit" action. | required
`help_text` | `str` | Markdown string to display as help text. | required
`choices` | `list` | List of (display, value) tuples. | required
`default` | `tuple` | Default (display, value) to pre-select. | `(None, None)`
`confirm` | `bool` | If True, prompt the user to confirm their selection (if the platform supports this). | `False`
`offset` | `int` | If set, starts displaying choices at index location from all choices, as Slack only displays 100 options at a time. | `0`

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def prompt_from_menu(
        self, action_id, help_text, choices, default=(None, None), confirm=False, offset=0
    ):  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
        """Prompt the user for a selection from a menu.

        Args:
          action_id (str): Identifier string to attach to the "submit" action.
          help_text (str): Markdown string to display as help text.
          choices (list): List of (display, value) tuples.
          default (tuple): Default (display, value) to pre-select.
          confirm (bool): If True, prompt the user to confirm their selection (if the platform supports this).
          offset (int): If set, starts displaying choices at index location from all choices,
                         as Slack only displays 100 options at a time.
        """
        choices = self.get_prompt_from_menu_choices(choices, offset=offset)
        menu = self.select_element(action_id, choices, default=default, confirm=confirm)
        cancel_button = {
            "type": "button",
            "text": self.text_element("Cancel"),
            "action_id": "action",
            "value": "cancel",
        }

        blocks = [self.markdown_block(help_text), self.actions_block(action_id, [menu, cancel_button])]
        return self.send_blocks(blocks, ephemeral=True)

#### `select_element(action_id, choices, default=(None, None), confirm=False)`

Construct a basic selection menu with the given choices.

.. note:: Slack's select menu supports option groups, but others such as Adaptive Cards do not; we have to stick to the lowest common denominator, which means no groups.

TODO: maybe refactor this API so that Slack can use groups and other dispatchers just ignore the groups?

Parameters:

Name | Type | Description | Default
--- | --- | --- | ---
`action_id` | `str` | Identifying string to associate with this element | required
`choices` | `list` | List of (display, value) tuples | required
`default` | `tuple` | Default (display, value) to preselect | `(None, None)`
`confirm` | `bool` | If true (and the platform supports it), prompt the user to confirm their selection | `False`

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def select_element(self, action_id, choices, default=(None, None), confirm=False):
        """Construct a basic selection menu with the given choices.

        .. note:: Slack's select menu supports option groups, but others such as Adaptive Cards do not;
                  we have to stick to the lowest common denominator, which means no groups.

        TODO: maybe refactor this API so that Slack can use groups and other dispatchers just ignore the groups?

        Args:
          action_id (str): Identifying string to associate with this element
          choices (list): List of (display, value) tuples
          default (tuple: Default (display, value) to preselect
          confirm (bool): If true (and the platform supports it), prompt the user to confirm their selection
        """
        data = {
            "type": "static_select",
            "action_id": action_id,
            "placeholder": self.text_element("Select an option"),
            "options": [{"text": self.text_element(choice), "value": value} for choice, value in choices],
        }
        default_text, default_value = default
        if default_text and default_value:
            data["initial_option"] = {"text": self.text_element(default_text), "value": default_value}
        if confirm:
            data["confirm"] = {
                "title": self.text_element("Are you sure?"),
                "text": self.markdown_element("Are you *really* sure you want to do this?"),
                "confirm": self.text_element("Yes"),
                "deny": self.text_element("No"),
            }

        return data

#### `send_blocks(blocks, callback_id=None, modal=False, ephemeral=None, title='Your attention please!')`

Send a series of formatting blocks to the user/channel specified by the context.

Slack distinguishes between simple inline interactive elements and modal dialogs. Modals can contain multiple inputs in a single dialog; more importantly for our purposes, certain inputs (such as textentry) can ONLY be used in modals and will be rejected if we try to use them inline.

Parameters:

Name | Type | Description | Default
--- | --- | --- | ---
`blocks` | `list` | List of block contents as constructed by other dispatcher functions. | required
`callback_id` | `str` | Callback ID string such as "command subcommand arg1 arg2". Required if `modal` is True. | `None`
`modal` | `bool` | Whether to send this as a modal dialog rather than an inline block. | `False`
`ephemeral` | `bool` | Whether to send this as an ephemeral message (only visible to the targeted user). | `None`
`title` | `str` | Title to include on a modal dialog. | `'Your attention please!'`

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    @BACKEND_ACTION_BLOCKS.time()
    def send_blocks(self, blocks, callback_id=None, modal=False, ephemeral=None, title="Your attention please!"):
        """Send a series of formatting blocks to the user/channel specified by the context.

        Slack distinguishes between simple inline interactive elements and modal dialogs. Modals can contain multiple
        inputs in a single dialog; more importantly for our purposes, certain inputs (such as textentry) can ONLY
        be used in modals and will be rejected if we try to use them inline.

        Args:
          blocks (list): List of block contents as constructed by other dispatcher functions.
          callback_id (str): Callback ID string such as "command subcommand arg1 arg2". Required if `modal` is True.
          modal (bool): Whether to send this as a modal dialog rather than an inline block.
          ephemeral (bool): Whether to send this as an ephemeral message (only visible to the targeted user).
          title (str): Title to include on a modal dialog.
        """
        logger.info("Sending blocks: %s", json.dumps(blocks, indent=2))
        if ephemeral is None:
            ephemeral = settings.PLUGINS_CONFIG["nautobot_chatops"]["send_all_messages_private"]
        try:
            if modal:
                if not callback_id:
                    self.send_error("Tried to create a modal dialog without specifying a callback_id")
                    return
                self.slack_client.views_open(
                    trigger_id=self.context.get("trigger_id"),
                    view={
                        "type": "modal",
                        "title": self.text_element(title),
                        "submit": self.text_element("Submit"),
                        "blocks": blocks,
                        # Embed the current channel information into to the modal as modals don't store this otherwise
                        "private_metadata": json.dumps(
                            {"channel_id": self.context.get("channel_id"), "thread_ts": self.context.get("thread_ts")}
                        ),
                        "callback_id": callback_id,
                    },
                )
            elif ephemeral:
                self.slack_client.chat_postEphemeral(
                    channel=self.context.get("channel_id"),
                    user=self.context.get("user_id"),
                    blocks=blocks,
                    thread_ts=self.context.get("thread_ts"),
                )
            else:
                self.slack_client.chat_postMessage(
                    channel=self.context.get("channel_id"),
                    user=self.context.get("user_id"),
                    blocks=blocks,
                    thread_ts=self.context.get("thread_ts"),
                )
        except SlackClientError as slack_error:
            self.send_exception(slack_error)

#### `send_busy_indicator()`

Send a "typing" indicator to show that work is in progress.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def send_busy_indicator(self):
        """Send a "typing" indicator to show that work is in progress."""
        # Currently the Slack Events API does not support the "user_typing" event.
        # We're trying not to use the legacy Slack RTM API as it's deprecated.
        # So for now, we do nothing.
        pass

#### `send_error(message)`

Send an error message to the user/channel specified by the context.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def send_error(self, message):
        """Send an error message to the user/channel specified by the context."""
        self.send_markdown(f":warning: {self.bold(message)} :warning:", ephemeral=True)

#### `send_exception(exception)`

Try to report an exception to the user.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def send_exception(self, exception):
        """Try to report an exception to the user."""
        self.slack_client.chat_postEphemeral(
            channel=self.context.get("channel_id"),
            user=self.context.get("user_id"),
            text=f"Sorry @{self.context.get('user_name')}, an error occurred :sob:\n```{exception}```",
        )

#### `send_image(image_path)`

Send an image as a file upload.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def send_image(self, image_path):
        """Send an image as a file upload."""
        if self.context.get("channel_name") == "directmessage":
            channels = [self.context.get("user_id")]
        else:
            channels = [self.context.get("channel_id")]
        channels = ",".join(channels)
        logger.info("Sending image %s to %s", image_path, channels)
        self.slack_client.files_upload(channels=channels, file=image_path, thread_ts=self.context.get("thread_ts"))

#### `send_markdown(message, ephemeral=None)`

Send a Markdown-formatted text message to the user/channel specified by the context.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    @BACKEND_ACTION_MARKDOWN.time()
    def send_markdown(self, message, ephemeral=None):
        """Send a Markdown-formatted text message to the user/channel specified by the context."""
        try:
            if ephemeral is None:
                ephemeral = settings.PLUGINS_CONFIG["nautobot_chatops"]["send_all_messages_private"]

            if ephemeral:
                self.slack_client.chat_postEphemeral(
                    channel=self.context.get("channel_id"),
                    user=self.context.get("user_id"),
                    text=message,
                    thread_ts=self.context.get("thread_ts"),
                )
            else:
                self.slack_client.chat_postMessage(
                    channel=self.context.get("channel_id"),
                    user=self.context.get("user_id"),
                    text=message,
                    thread_ts=self.context.get("thread_ts"),
                )
        except SlackClientError as slack_error:
            self.send_exception(slack_error)

#### `send_snippet(text, title=None, ephemeral=None)`

Send a longer chunk of text as a file snippet.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    @BACKEND_ACTION_SNIPPET.time()
    def send_snippet(self, text, title=None, ephemeral=None):
        """Send a longer chunk of text as a file snippet."""
        if ephemeral is None:
            ephemeral = settings.PLUGINS_CONFIG["nautobot_chatops"]["send_all_messages_private"]

        if self.context.get("channel_name") == "directmessage":
            channels = [self.context.get("user_id")]
        else:
            channels = [self.context.get("channel_id")]
        channels = ",".join(channels)
        logger.info("Sending snippet to %s: %s", channels, text)
        try:
            # Check for the length of the file if the setup is meant to be a private message
            if ephemeral:
                message_list = self.split_message(text, SLACK_PRIVATE_MESSAGE_LIMIT)
                for msg in message_list:
                    # Send the blocks as a list, this needs to be the case for Slack to send appropriately.
                    self.send_blocks(
                        [self.markdown_block(f"```\n{msg}\n```")],
                        ephemeral=ephemeral,
                    )
            else:
                self.slack_client.files_upload(
                    channels=channels, content=text, title=title, thread_ts=self.context.get("thread_ts")
                )
        except SlackClientError as slack_error:
            self.send_exception(slack_error)

#### `send_warning(message)`

Send a warning message to the user/channel specified by the context.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def send_warning(self, message):
        """Send a warning message to the user/channel specified by the context."""
        self.send_markdown(f":warning: {self.bold(message)} :warning:", ephemeral=True)

#### `static_url(path)`

Return a url to access the static file.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def static_url(self, path):
        """Return a url to access the static file."""
        static_path = str(static(path))
        if static_path.startswith("http"):
            # Static is being provided by Django Storages
            return static_path
        try:
            return f"{self.context['request_scheme']}://{self.context['request_host']}{static_path}"
        except KeyError:
            if SLACK_SOCKET_STATIC_HOST:
                # Use the settings provided Static Host.
                return f"{SLACK_SOCKET_STATIC_HOST}{static_path}"
            return None

#### `text_element(text)`

Construct a basic plaintext element.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def text_element(self, text):
        """Construct a basic plaintext element."""
        return {"type": "plain_text", "text": text}

#### `user_mention()`

Markup for a mention of the username/userid specified in our context.

Source code in `nautobot_chatops/dispatchers/slack.py`

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    def user_mention(self):
        """Markup for a mention of the username/userid specified in our context."""
        return f"<@{self.context['user_id']}>"